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Lecturer(s)
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Hamal Petr, doc. MUDr. Ph.D.
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Janovská Lucie, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Mlynárčik Patrik, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Seminars: Morphology of bacteria, microscopic fungi and viruses. Metabolism of bacteria. Cultivation of bacteria, growth curve. Pathogenicity and virulence of microbes. Bacterial genetics. Overview of antimicrobial agents. Local antibiotic treatment with a focus on eye infections. Adverse effects of antibiotics. Disinfection and sterilization. Ecology of microbes. Microorganisms in healthy humans. Endogenous and exogenous infections. Gram-positive bacteria related to the human eye (staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, listeria, corynebacteria). Contact lenses and the problem of bacterial biofilm. Gram-negative bacteria related to the human eye (pseudomonads, enterobacteria, hemophilus, neisseria, moraxella, spirochetes). Spore-forming microbes related to the human eye (bacilli, clostridia). Acid-fast bacteria. Chlamydia. Pathogenic invasive micromycetes related to the human eye (candida, aspergillus). Pathogenic protozoa and worms related to the human eye (flagellates, amoebae, tapeworms, nematodes, arthropods). Selected chapters from special virology related to the human eye (adenoviruses, herpesviruses). Exercises: Safety principles when working with infectious material. Principles of proper collection and transport of infectious material for microbiological examination with a focus on eye infections (conjunctival swab, corneal scraping, collection of intraocular fluids). Overview of microbiological examination methods. The most important staining methods in microbiology. Demonstration of the most common culture media in clinical microbiology and the growth of selected bacterial cultures on these media (especially with a relationship to the human eye). Possibilities of identification and determination of the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics. Possibilities of demonstrating bacterial biofilm. Diagnosis of mycobacteria. Overview of virological, parasitological and mycological examination methods. Molecular biological methods in the diagnosis of pathogens of eye infections and their virulence factors. Methods for checking the effectiveness of decontamination procedures.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Observation, Demonstration, Projection (static, dynamic), Laboratory Work
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Learning outcomes
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The students are introduced to general microbiology and selected chapters from special microbiology. Presented are safety measures for handling infectious material, assessment methods in microbiology, morphology of bacteria and viruses, metabolism, culture, pathogenicity and virulence of microbes, importance of bacterial films, disinfection and sterilization in health care and issues related to bacterial resistance. In the special microbiology part, chapters from bacteriology, virology, parasitology and mycology related to optometry are covered.
The students will have a basic overview of medical microbiology and its role in health care.
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Prerequisites
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Basic knowledge of physiology, biology and anatomy at level of the central medical education.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Mark, Written exam, Student performance
100 % attendance of practical trainings and seminars
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Recommended literature
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Drnková, B. (2019). Mikrobiologie, imunologie, epidemiologie a hygiena. Praha, Grada Publishing.
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Hurych, J. Šticha, R. et al. (2021). Lékařská mikrobiologie - repetitorium. Praha, Triton.
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Koukalová, D. (2005). Praktická cvičení z lékařské mikrobiologie II. VUP Olomouc.
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Koukalová, D. (2013). Praktická cvičení z lékařské mikrobiologie I. VUP Olomouc.
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Schindler, J. (2014). Mikrobiologie: pro studenty zdravotnických oborů. Praha: Grada.
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Votava, M. a kol. (2006). Lékařská mikrobiologie speciální. Neptun, Brno.
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Votrava, M. (2005). Lékařská mikrobiologie obecná. Neptun, Brno.
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Zahradníček, O. (2014). Mikrobiologie a imunologie pro optiky, optometry a ortoptisty. Skripta pro bakalářské obory z oblasti optiky a optometrie. Brno, Masarykova univerzita.
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