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Lecturer(s)
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Berka Karel, doc. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Blonski Piotr, Ph.D.
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Lazar Petr, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. Periodic crystal structure, primitive cell, symmetry operations, types of 2D and 3D lattices. 2. Consequences of crystal periodicity - reciprocal space, Brillouin zone and periodic boundary conditions. X-Ray difraction in periodic structures, experimental methods of difraction. 3. Crystal bond - nature of interatomic interactions, potential energy, pair potentials, bonding in rare gas crystals, ionic bond, covalent and metal crystals, hydrogen bond. 4. Defects in crystal lattice, dislocations and polycrystalline materials. Vibrational, thermal and mechanical properties of crystals from classical point of view. 5. Quantum description of crystal - wave function, Schrödinger equation, elementary quantum systems (free particle, particle in a box, harmonic oscillator, hydrogen atom), Schrödinger equation for solid state and usual approximations for its solution. 6. Sommerfeld model of free electrons, conductivity of metals. 7. Quantum theory in solid state, band structure, semiconductors and isulating materials. 8. Properties of surfaces, absorption on a surface. 9. Harmonic vibrations of crystal lattice, phonons, electrical and heat conductivity, thermal expansion. 10. Optical properties of solids, spectroscopic methods, x-ray spectrography. 11. Response to external forces and fields, dielectric tensor, stress and strain tensors, elastic constants. 12. Nanocrystals, two-dimensional materials (graphene), quantum dots.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training)
- Preparation for the Exam
- 60 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The course provides an introduction to solid state physics, focusing on the understanding of phenomena determining the behaviour of solids. It introduces a periodic crystal structure, chemical bonding in solids, and differences to bonding in molecules. Fundamental models of the electronic structure of periodic solids and harmonic vibrations of atoms in crystals are discussed and exploited to explain the nature of well-known properties such as hardness, brittleness, friction, heat and electric conductivity.
Show basic knowledge within the field of solid state. Ability to define main concepts, describe fundamental approaches applied to solid state physics and material science. Students are able to describe a periodic crystal structure, chemical bonding in solids, and differences to bonding in molecules. Students discuss fundamental models of the electronic structure of periodic solids and harmonic vibrations of atoms in crystals.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral exam
Students are obliged to pass the final oral exam.
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Recommended literature
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Ashcroft, N. W., Mermin, N. D. (1987). Solid State Physics. Harcourt School.
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Atkins P., de Paula J. (2013). Fyzikální chemie. VŠCHT Praha.
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Kaxiras, E. (2003). Atomic and Electronic Structure of Solids. Cambridge University Press.
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Kittel C. (1985). Úvod do fyziky pevných látek. Academia Praha.
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Majerníková, E. (1999). Fyzika pevných látek. Olomouc.
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Otyepka, M. (2010). Struktura atomů a molekul. Olomouc.
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Procházka, V. (2012). Fyzika pevných látek. Olomouc.
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Soubusta, J. (2012). Fyzika pevných látek. Olomouc.
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