|
Lecturer(s)
|
-
Nádvorník Petr, RNDr. Ph.D.
|
|
Course content
|
Structure, function and importance of DNA, RNA and proteins. Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome, unique and repetitive sequences, coding and non-coding sequences. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic mobile genetic elements (DNA transposons, retrotransposons, retroviruses, bacteriophages), regulation of their activity and importance, mechanisms of transposition. DNA replication, its mechanisms and regulation. The central dogma of molecular biology. Expression of genetic information and its regulation. Transcription of prokaryotic operon and eukaryotic transcription unit. Processing of primary mRNA, rRNA and tRNA transcripts. Translation (genetic code, wobble base pairing and flexibility of genetic code). Examples of regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Sources of genetic variability of organisms. Recombination, crossing-over and gene conversion. Sources of DNA damage. Spontaneous and induced mutations, physical and chemical mutagens, molecular basis of mutations and mechanisms of DNA repair. Expression of genes encoding immunoglobulins. Measuring of concentration and purity of nucleic acids. Nucleic acid gel electrophoresis. Hybridization of nucleic acids. Polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing. Recombinant DNA, restriction endonucleases, cloning and expression vectors. Genome mapping, genomic library, cDNA library. DNA microarray. The topics discussed in seminary: Gene technologies and genetically modified organisms. CRISPR-Cas 'immune system' of bacteria. Examples of gene technologies. Molecular basis of antibody variability, hybridoma technology - monoclonal antibodies. Applications of polymerase chain reaction. The possibilities, limitations and ethics of gene technologies will be discussed. Teaching takes the form of lectures, seminars, homework and self-study of recommended literature.
|
|
Learning activities and teaching methods
|
|
Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming)
|
|
Learning outcomes
|
Introduction students into prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome, its replication, expression and variability at the molecular level. Emphasis is placed on explaining and understanding the interrelationships between genetic information and its manifestations at the cell and organism level. The students are introduced with the basics of molecular biology techniques.
Student is able to (after attending the course): - describe structure and function of nucleic acids and proteins - describe the structure and function of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome - explain mechanism of replication of genetic information and the main mechanisms of its regulation - explain mechanism of expresion of gene expresion and the main mechanisms of its regulation - describe and explain causalities of genetic variability of organisms - describe and explain molecular causalities of spontaneous and induced mutations and their reparation - describe principles and applications of techniques used in molecular biology.
|
|
Prerequisites
|
unspecified
|
|
Assessment methods and criteria
|
Oral exam
oral exam in extent of the lectures, 3 randomly selected questions
|
|
Recommended literature
|
-
Rosypal, S., Pantůček, R., & Doškař, J. (2001). Terminologie molekulární biologie: české odborné termíny, jejich definice a anglické ekvivalenty. Brno: Stanislav Rosypal.
-
Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2009). Genetika. Masarykova Univerzita, Brno.
-
Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2017). Genetika. Masarykova Univerzita, Brno.
|