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Lecturer(s)
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Course content
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Organometallic chemistry is the core discipline behind a homogeneous catalysis, which is necessary for "greener" (less waste, greater selectivity), and therefore more environmentally and economically benign preparation / production of chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Many polymers (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.) and detergents are produced with help of organometallic catalysis. Organometallic chemistry is also the basis for understanding the mechanism of more complex, industrially important processes based on heterogeneous catalysis (eg, hydrogenation of olefins, CO oxidation, etc.). Organometallic compounds are also used as precursors for the preparation of semiconductors (AlN, GaAs, etc.). Silicone rubbers are then themselves used as final products. Lecture No. 1 Introduction to chemistry of organometallic compounds, oxidation states and electron rule Lecture no. 2 Overview of types of structures and their reactions, characterization of organometallic compounds, and comparison of the reactivity between metals by transition metals and metals from the main group Lecture No. 3 Organometallic compounds of main group elements - introduction Lecture No. 4 Organolithium compounds Lecture No. 5 Organomagnesium compounds Lecture No 6-8 Organometallic compounds of copper, zinc and silicon Lecture No. 9 Organometallic compounds of transition metals introduction and homogeneous catalysis Lecture No. 10 Ligands and their substitutions Lecture No. 11-12 Mechanism of transition metal catalyzed reactions (insertion and elimination, oxidative addition and reductive elimination). Lecture No. 13 Carbens, carbenoids and metathesis
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming)
- Preparation for the Course Credit
- 6 hours per semester
- Preparation for the Exam
- 13 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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Introduction to organic reactions of organometallic compounds. Understanding the reaction mechanisms catalyzed by homogeneous catalysts used in organic synthesis (e.g. cross coupling reactions, olefin metatheses, asymmetric hydrogenations, etc.). During the course the emphasis will be given on the understanding of the properties of transition metals and their interactions with organic substrates and functional groups as well as their influence on the course of chemical transformations.
After finishing the lecture course the student should be able to: - to accurately evaluate the stability and reactivity of any transition metal complex. - Propose the reaction mechanism of transition metal mediated reactions by analogy with one of the "standard" steps of metal-catalyzed reactions. - Use the stereo-electronic arguments in prediction of the influence of reactants, metal or ligands on the reaction outcome.
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Prerequisites
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General knowledge included in basic lectures of organic, inorganic and physical chemistry.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Mark, Oral exam, Seminar Work
Pre-exam is granted if a seminar work on a given topic (requirements see below) is given to the garant. Seminar work will then serve as the starting point for the oral exam. Seminar work must be submitted 7 days before exam term. Seminar work (maximum 5 pages A4, Times New Roman 11, line 1.1, including pictures, schemes, and list of the literature) will focus on one particular application of organometallic chemistry in the synthesis of a natural substance. Part of the work must contain the generalization of the targeted oganometallic transformation. The second part must be focused on the analysis of several step synthesis of a complex molecule (a molecule taken from the literature - molecules chosen by the lecturer) with an emphasis on the mechanisms and selectivity of metal-mediated reactions. The seminar work will serve as a starting point for the oral exam, but the oral exam will not be LIMITED ONLY to this text.
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Recommended literature
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Březina, F., & Pastorek, R. (1991). Koordinační chemie. Olomouc: Rektorát Univerzity Palackého.
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Greenwood, N. N., Earnshaw, A., & Jursík, F. (1993). Chemie prvků. Praha: Informatorium.
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Kašpárek, F. (1993). Chemie organokovových sloučenin. Díl 2, Deriváty přechodných kovů. Olomouc: Univerzita Palackého.
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Kašpárek, F. (1991). Chemie organokovových sloučenin. Olomouc: Univerzita Palackého.
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