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Lecturer(s)
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Vacek Jan, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Bancířová Martina, Mgr. Dr.
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Course content
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Introduction to general chemistry. Acids, bases, chemical equilibria in solutions, electrochemistry. Organic compounds in dentistry. Structures, physico-chemical properties, biological effects and use in dentistry. Structure and chemical composition of enamel and dentin. Inorganic components (minerals, chemical properties of hydroxyapatite). Organic components (low molecular weight compounds, macromolecules), mineralization/ remineralization, chemical components of saliva. Dental materials. Ceramic materials, dental gypsum, materials for grinding and polishing, metals and alloys. Macromolecular substances, plastic materials, waxes and impression materials. Active compouds in oral hygiene. Biocompatibility of dental materials. Laboratory rules, safety, first aid. Basic operations in chemical laboratory. Preparation, dilution and heating of a CuSO4 solution. Composition, preparation, dilution and mixing of solutions. Equilibria in solutions of electrolytes, ionic strength. Preparation and dilution of a solution of KMnO4. Measurement of pH - soft drinks. Calculation of pH value of solution of acids, bases, and salts. Determination of dissociation constant of acetic acid. Buffers - calculation and measurement of pH. Buffer capacity. Solubility product. Preparation of hydroxyapatite and gypsum. Solubility of hydroxyapatite as a function of pH. Chelatometric determination of Ca2+. Setting and analysis of glass ionomer cement, crystallization of CaSO4.2 H2O during setting of gypsum. Volumetric analysis. Corrosion test of dental alloys. Spectrophotometric determination of iron in alloy. Hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, amines, carboxylic acids, adehydes, ketones, polymers - chemical properties, reactivity. Volumetric analysis - practical test. Credit test on principles of methods and calculations in chemistry.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Work with Text (with Book, Textbook), Demonstration, Work Activities
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the subject is to recall basic terms and to extend knowledge in general, inorganic and organic chemistry. Students will learn the chemical composition of dental tissue and dental materials and the chemical structure and function of other substances present in the buccal cavity (oral hygiene preparations, drugs, etc.). Further, they will acquire an outlay of principles of chemical processes that can occur there. From practical aspect, students will get basic knowledge and skills required for work in a chemical laboratory.
The student who passes the subject will understand basic chemical processes occurring in the buccal cavity, particularly with respect to possible interactions between dental materials and between a dental material and tissues or other present substances. The acquired knowledge will make possible the study of follow-up subjects such as Preclinical Dentistry or Biochemistry.
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Prerequisites
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Knowledge of basic concepts in chemistry. Skills associated with the use of chemical symbols and terminology.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written exam, Didactic Test
100% execution of practicals, practical test, credit test
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Recommended literature
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Ali, H. (2012). Principles of Drug Therapy in Dentistry.
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Fisher, J., Arnold, J. R. P. (2004). Chemistry for Biologists (2nd ed.).
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Manappallil, J. J. (2016). Basic Dental Materials (4th ed.).
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Patrick, G. (2017). Organic Chemistr - A very short introduction.
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Schmalz, G., Arenholt-Bindslev, D. (2009). Biocompatibility of Dental Materials.
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