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Lecturer(s)
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Course content
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1. Fundamental questions of the state and law 2. History of the state and law 3. History of political and legal philosophy 4. Roman law education 5. Modern concept and content of the state 6. Form of the state: constitution and state system 7. Modern concept of law 8. Content of law: legal norms 9. Form of law: sources of law 10. Interpretation of law 11. Implementation of law: legal relationships 12. Application of law: legal relationships involving public authority 13. Comprehensive review and first exam date
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Work with Text (with Book, Textbook), Activating (Simulations, Games, Dramatization)
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Learning outcomes
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The course Fundamentals of Legal Theory provides an essential propaedeutic foundation for further legal studies. The course has three intertwined and interconnected components: historical, philosophical, and technical-institutional. The historical component introduces students to questions concerning the origins of law, the essence and nature of law itself, its place in the system of human existence, and the basic features of its development. The philosophical component introduces students to questions concerning the substantive requirements of law as an instrument of social control and the most important milestones in its historical development. The third, technical-institutional component of the course introduces students to the content and form of the existing legal system, its structure, and the principles governing its internal and external functioning. After completing the course Fundamentals of Legal Theory, students will gain an understanding of what law is, how it works, and how it is applied. The course is not specialized; its aim is not to provide students with a limited and comprehensive set of knowledge and skills for dealing with a specific range of issues and situations. On the contrary, by completing this course, students will acquire the necessary foundation for building all legal skills, which they will further develop, first by studying other courses in the study program and later through legal practice. The course is also not self-contained ? by completing it, students will not acquire "ready-made" competencies; this is not within the scope of this course, nor is it its purpose. The course is primarily instructive ? it shows students the ways and means of acquiring knowledge, skills, and competencies for working with law. As mentioned above, students will then further develop these through self-study, the study of other courses in the field of study, and practice. At the same time, the course Fundamentals of Legal Theory is an essential foundation without which students will not be able to properly comprehend the material of the individual positive law courses in the study program. Students will therefore use the knowledge and skills gained from studying this course in the study of all other positive law courses in the study program, and then in legal practice. Given its introductory and general nature as described above, it is not really possible or useful to explicitly declare the subject's link to a specific sustainable development goal (SDG). In general terms, the subject implements SDG 4: Quality education.
After completing the course, students will be able to: 1. Understand the principles of state and legal development; 2. Identify the source of state power and the ways in which it has been applied by the state to individuals throughout history; 3. Navigate the typology of states and inter-state and supra-state entities and their roles in the creation and application of domestic law in the Czech Republic; 4. Identify valid law and distinguish it from both invalid law and non-legal norms; 5. Abstract a specific rule of conduct (legal norm) from a normative text and determine its characteristics; 6. Determine the place of a specific legal norm in the system of legal norms (legal order) and its relationship to other legal norms or other non-legal norms; 7. Perform a comprehensive interpretation of the examined legal norm (grammatical, historical, systematic, teleological, axiological, etc.); 8. Recognize the legal relationship in a real-life situation and correctly identify its prerequisites and elements; 9. Find the relevant legal norm for the examined real-life situation, apply it correctly, and support your decision with logical and factually correct arguments.
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Prerequisites
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Completion of this course is not conditional upon completion of some other courses.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Student performance, Seminar Work, Written exam
Active participation in discussions and webinars (20%), independent written assignments and essays (20%), final test of knowledge and skills (60%)
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Recommended literature
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Balík, S., & Balík, S. ml. (2021). Právní dějiny mimoevropských zemí. Plzeň.
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Balík, S. (2020). Právní dějiny evropských zemí a USA (stručný nástin).. Plzeň.
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Bartošek, M. (1993). Škola právnického myšlení. Praha.
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Bílý, J. (2003). Právní dějiny na území České republiky. Praha.
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Blaho, P., Haramia, I., & Židlická, M. (1997). Základy rímskeho práva. Bratislava.
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Colotka, P., Káčer, M., & Berdisová, L. (2016). Právna filozofia 20. storočia. Praha.
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Gerloch, A. (2013). Teorie práva. Plzeň.
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Harvánek, J., & kol. (2013). Právní teorie. Plzeň.
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Hattenhauer, H. (1998). Evropské dějiny práva. Praha.
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Heyrovský, L. (1910). Dějiny a system soukromého práva římského. Praha.
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Kincl, J., Urfus, V., & Skřejpek, M. (1995). Římské právo. Praha.
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Knapp, V. Teorie práva. C. H. Beck, Praha, 1995.
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Krsková, A. (2003). Dějiny evropského politického a právního myšlení. Praha.
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Krsková, A. (2005). Stát a právo v evropském myšlení. Praha.
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Kubů, L., & kol. (2002). Dějiny právní filozofie. Olomouc.
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Osina, P. (2020). Teorie práva. Praha.
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Pavlíček, V., & kol. (2020). Ústavní právo a státověda II. díl ? Ústavní právo České republiky. Praha.
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Pavlíček, V., Jirásková, V., & kol. (2021). Ústavní právo a státověda I. díl. Obecná státověda. Praha.
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Rebro, K., & Blaho, P. (2010). Rímske právo. Bratislava.
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Sobek, T., Hapla, M., & kol. (2020). Filosofie práva. Brno.
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Wintr, J. (2013). Metody a zásady interpretace práva. Praha.
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