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Lecturer(s)
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Fafejta Martin, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. Introductory lecture R. M. Pirsig thoughts: Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, Lila: An Inquiry into Morals. 2. Paradigm Kuhn - scientific paradigm. Giddens ? paradigm in social sciences. 3. Marxism Alienation theory. 4. Freudism Freudist structure of personality. Critical theory of Frankfurt school - synthesis of Freudism and Marxism. 5. Cultural relativism Cultural anthropology ? criticism of evolutionism, social darwinism and ethnocentrism. Boas, Benedict, Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. 6. Structuralism and its criticism. De Saussure - concept of language. Structuralism of Levi-Strauss. Derrida?s criticism of Levi-Strauss. 7. Deconstructivism Deconstruction of nature/culture opposition. 8. Social construction of reality Main thesis of Berger and Luckmann. Examples of social constructivism - social construction of time. 9. Social construction and gender. Gender - social construction of sex. 10. Otherness I Otherness and cultural anthropology - Nacirema. Todorov ? ethnocentrism, asimilationism, syncretism, perspectivism. 11. Otherness II Otherness in modern culture and its normalization - Foucault. 12. Multiculturalism Multiculturalism in social sciences - Fay.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming)
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Learning outcomes
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First, the course explains the Kuhnian concept of scientific paradigm and stresses the multiparadigmatic character of social sciences. Then it introduces students into the main paradigms of social sciences starting with Marxism and Freudism and proceeds with the concepts of cultural relativism. The cultural relativism is one the main paradigmatic basis of the contemporary social sciences which are, according to Brian Fay, both conceptually and methodologically multicultural. For Fay, multiculturalism is not only a political concept, but also scientific approach recognising cultural differences between human groups. This multicultural approach would not be possible without discursivism, structuralism, poststructuralism and social constructivism as the course stresses.
To list, describe, compare, and explain social-scientific paradigms. To interpret and analyse their thesis, to apply them to practical social-scientific questions, to oppose their thoughts.
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Prerequisites
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No prior requirements.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral exam, Essay, Seminar Work
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Recommended literature
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Aspekt. feministický časopis - k problematice genderu.
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Berger, P.L., Luckmann, T.:. Sociální konstrukce reality. Brno: CDK 1999..
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Fay, B. (2002). Současná filosofie sociálních věd. Multikulturní přístup.. Praha: SLON.
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Feyerabend, P. K.:. Tři dialogy o vědění, Vesmír, 1999 - první dialog není nutno číst.
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Foucault, M.:. Dějiny šílenství, Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 1993.
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Foucault,M.:. Dohlížet a trestat, Dauphin, 2000.
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Freud, S.:. O člověku a kultuře, Odeon, 1990.
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Freud, S.:. Spisy, 1997 a 1998.
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Komárek, S. (1998). Lidská přirozenost. Od Charlese Darwina po Irenea Eibl-Eibesfeldta. Praha: Vesmír.
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Komárek, S.:. Příroda a kultura. Praha 2000..
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Kuhn, T.S.:. Struktura vědeckých revolucí. Praha: Oikoymenh 1997..
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Marx, K.:. Odcizení a emancipace člověka, Mladá fronta, 1967.
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Renzetti, C. a Curan, D:. Ženy, muži a společnost. Karolinum 2003..
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Soukup, V.:. Dějiny sociální a kulturní antropologie, Karolinum, 1996 - pouze kapitola "Antropologové o kultuře" - není v 1. vydání knihy! (pokud použijete tuto knihu, uveďte v literatuře, které autory a statě konkrétně citujete).
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Todorov, T.:. Dobytí Ameriky: Problém Druhého. Praha: Mladá fronta 1996..
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