1. Introduction to historical geology (extent and philosophy of the discipline, basic concepts: principle of actualism, palaeogeography and plate tectonics, palaeobiogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology) 2. Stratigraphy, relative and absolute dating of rocks (lito-, bio-, chronostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, principle of "identical fossils", relative dating of rocks and basic concepts (principle of superposition, hiatus, discordance, transgression, regression, correlation), absolute rock dating (decay chains, fission track method, dendrochronology) 3. Sedimentation environment, facies analysis (concept of facies (bio-, ichno-, micro-), facies association, Walter's law, sedimentational environment, essentials of basin analysis - types of sedimentation basins and characterisation of their fill) 4. Sequential stratigraphy (allostratigraphy, seismic stratigraphy - coastal onlap, offlap, erosional truncation, stratigraphic sequences, depositional systems and system tracts, sequence boundaries, Vail model, Galloway model, mechanisms controlling sea level fluctuation - subsidence, global eustasy, sediment supply, Vail's and Haq's eustatic curve) 5. General trends in the Earth's evolution (evolution and chemical composition of atmosphere and hydrosphere, climate evolution, isotope geochemistry and isotope curves, oceanic and Wilson's cycle, Pangea) 6. Pre-geological era, the Precambrian (formation of the Earth, chronostratigraphic division of the Precambrian, general features, abiotic development, the origin of life and biotic evolution, stratigraphically important groups, regional division) 7. Palaeozoic - introduction (chronostratigraphic division, general features, global paleogeography, orogeny) 8. Lower Palaeozoic (abiotic evolution - climate and sedimentary facies, biotic evolution and stratigraphically important groups of organisms, regional division) 9. Upper Palaeozoic (abiotic evolution - climate and sedimentary facies, biotic evolution and stratigraphically important groups of organisms, regional division) 10. Mesozoic - introduction (chronostratigraphic division, general features, global paleogeography, orogeny) 11. Mesozoic (abiotic evolution - climate and sedimentary facies, biotic evolution and stratigraphically important groups of organisms, regional division) 12. Cainozoic - Tertiary (chronostratigraphic division, general features of the Cainozoic, global palaeogeography and orogeny in the Caiozoic, abiotic evolution - climate and sedimentary facies, biotic evolution and stratigraphically significant groups of organisms, regional division) 13. Cenozoic - Quaternary (chronostratigraphic division, general features of the Cenozoic, global palaeogeography and orogeny in the Cenozoic, abiotic evolution - climate and sedimentary facies, biotic evolution and stratigraphically significant groups of organisms, regional division)
|
Introduction to historical geology.
The students should be able to - define the extent and philosophy of historical geology - explain its basic concepts: principle of actualism, palaeogeography and plate tectonics, palaeobiogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology - describe the principles of stratigraphy, relative and absolute dating of rocks (lito-, bio-, chronostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, principle of "identical fossils", relative dating of rocks and basic concepts (principle of superposition, hiatus, discordance, transgression, regression, correlation), absolute rock dating (decay chains, fission track method, dendrochronology) - define various sedimentational environments, - explain the concepts of facies analysis, essentials of basin analysis - describe essentials of sequential stratigraphy - define general trends in the Earth's evolution (evolution and chemical composition of atmosphere and hydrosphere, climate evolution, isotope geochemistry and isotope curves) - define and describe individual geological eras, their division, classification and general features, characterize major events.
|