| Course title | Physics 2 |
|---|---|
| Course code | KEF/FYCH2 |
| Organizational form of instruction | Lecture |
| Level of course | Bachelor |
| Year of study | not specified |
| Semester | Summer |
| Number of ECTS credits | 4 |
| Language of instruction | Czech |
| Status of course | Compulsory, Compulsory-optional, Optional |
| Form of instruction | Face-to-face |
| Work placements | This is not an internship |
| Recommended optional programme components | None |
| Lecturer(s) |
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| Course content |
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1. Mechanics Kinematics and dynamics of a material point. Types of motion, force, laws of motion, and equations of motion. Inertial and non-inertial reference frames, inertial forces, and Coriolis force. Momentum, impulse, mechanical work, energy, and power; angular momentum; laws of conservation and particle collisions. Rigid body mechanics, moment of force, composition of forces, centre of mass, equilibrium of a rigid body, rotational motion, moment of inertia, sliding friction, and rolling resistance. Fluid mechanics. Hydrostatic and aerostatic pressure, atmospheric pressure, Pascal's and Archimedes' laws. Hydrodynamics, the continuity equation, Bernoulli's equation, real fluid flow, and viscous drag. 1st test 2. Mechanical oscillations and waves, acoustics Oscillations, kinematics and dynamics of harmonic oscillations, the pendulum. Superposition of oscillations, decomposition of oscillations into harmonic components, forced oscillations, and resonance. Waves, progressive waves through a series of points, reflection and interference of waves, standing waves, Huygens' principle, reflection and refraction of plane waves, non-relativistic Doppler effect. Acoustics, consequences of the wave nature of sound, sound intensity and loudness levels, physical principles of certain musical instruments, and ultrasound. 3. Structure of Matter and Thermodynamics Laws of thermodynamics, thermal processes in gases, Carnot cycle, heat engines and refrigeration machines, entropy. Structure and properties of solids, deformation and Hooke's law. Structure and properties of liquids, surface tension and capillary phenomena. 4. Fundamentals of Special Relativity The role of special relativity in the physical picture of the world, the theory's fundamental postulates, the transition between reference frames, and relativistic effects: the relativity of simultaneity, length contraction, time dilation, and their experimental verification. Relativistic dynamics, energy, momentum, mass, and the relationships between them. Particle collisions and scattering from the perspective of relativity, decay, creation, and annihilation of particle-antiparticle pairs. 2nd test
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| Learning activities and teaching methods |
Lecture, Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Demonstration
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| Learning outcomes |
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The course aims to provide students with a comprehensive overview of selected topics from the introductory physics course, building on their previous physics studies. The course develops students' understanding of the basic concepts, laws, and models of mechanics, mechanical oscillations and waves, acoustics, the structure of matter, thermodynamics, and the fundamentals of special relativity. Students are expected to acquire the ability to describe physical phenomena using appropriate concepts, relationships, and laws; to distinguish the conditions of validity for the models used; and to apply theoretical knowledge in solving typical physics problems. Emphasis is placed on linking physical explanations with mathematical descriptions and on understanding the significance of conservation laws, equations of motion, thermodynamic principles, wave phenomena, and relativistic effects.
The course is designed for building knowledge. Upon completion of the course, students will be able to: - define and explain basic concepts in mechanics, mechanical oscillations and waves, acoustics, thermodynamics, the structure of matter, and the special theory of relativity; - describe the kinematics and dynamics of a material point, a rigid body, and fluids; - apply Newton's laws of motion, the laws of conservation of energy, momentum, and angular momentum when solving model situations; - analyse motion in both inertial and non-inertial reference frames, including the significance of inertial forces; - solve basic problems in hydrostatics, hydrodynamics, oscillations, waves, and acoustics; - explain basic thermodynamic processes, the laws of thermodynamics, the Carnot cycle, the principle of heat and refrigeration engines, and the concept of entropy; - describe the basic properties of solids and liquids, including deformation, Hooke's law, surface tension, and capillary phenomena; - explain the postulates of the special theory of relativity and basic relativistic effects, particularly the relativity of simultaneity, length contraction, and time dilation; - apply the fundamental relations of relativistic dynamics in describing energy, momentum, mass, collisions, decays, and the creation or annihilation of particles; - demonstrate theoretical knowledge in solving typical physics problems. |
| Prerequisites |
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Students are expected to have a basic understanding of university-level physics equivalent to the course Physics 1 or the corresponding course OPT/F1. Students should be proficient in the basic mathematical tools used in physics, particularly working with physical quantities and units, manipulating equations, elementary functions, vector descriptions of motion, and basic differential and integral calculus to the extent necessary for describing mechanical and thermodynamic processes. Knowledge of high school mechanics, molecular physics, thermodynamics, mechanical oscillations, and waves is also a desirable prerequisite. The syllabus lists KEF/FYCH1 or OPT/F1 as prerequisites, but these are so-called soft prerequisites, and it is possible to enrol in and complete the course without them.
KEF/FYCH1 ----- or ----- OPT/F1 |
| Assessment methods and criteria |
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Mark, Written exam
Students are required to master the material covered in the lectures and pass two written exams. The awarding of credits and the final grade are based on the scores earned on individual assignments. The assessment includes: - two practice tests are worth a total of up to 10 points; - two written tests worth a total of up to 80 points; - a possible oral exam, allowing for an improvement of the grade by one level. A maximum of three attempts is allowed for each of the two tests, with the best result counting. Make-up or retake tests are held after the end of the semester. Grading 81 or more points ....... A 72-80 points ....... B 63-71 points ..... .. C 54-62 points ....... D 45-53 points ....... E 44 points or fewer ....... failed Homework assignments are available on Moodle at moodle.upol.cz. |
| Recommended literature |
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| Faculty: Faculty of Science | Study plan (Version): Nanomaterial Chemistry (2026) | Category: Chemistry courses | 1 | Recommended year of study:1, Recommended semester: Summer |
| Faculty: Faculty of Science | Study plan (Version): Industrial Technologies and Materials (2025) | Category: Chemistry courses | 1 | Recommended year of study:1, Recommended semester: Summer |