An introduction. Brief description of physics as a science, its development and methods. Pre-classical physics. Physics of ancient civilizations of the Near and Far East. Science in Ancient Greece and Rome, the Pythagoreans, atomists, Aristotle, Archimedes, Ptolemy. Middle Ages and the Renaissance, the Arabic Science, scholastics, the emergence of universities, medieval mechanics. Classical physics. The scientific revolution in the 16th and 17th century, the emergence and development of classical mechanics, Galileo, Brahe, Kepler, Newton, Bernoulli, Euler, French mechanics in the 18th century. Study of electromagnetic phenomena, Coulomb, Volta, Ampere, Faraday, Maxwell, electromagnetic waves. Classical optics, Young, Fresnel, Dopler, spectral analysis. Thermal effects and radiation, energy conservation, probability and the emergence of classical statistical physics, Gibbs, Boltzmann. Physics 20th century quantum and relativistic physics, Mach, Planck, Einstein, Bohr, discoveries study of elementary particles, the standard model of elementary particles and the standard cosmological model, space and human exploration. Physics in the Czech lands in the historical context.
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Lindberg, D. C. (2008). The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press.
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Malíšek, V. (1986). Co víte o dějinách fyziky. Horizont, Praha.
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Simonyi, K. (2012). A Cultural history of physics. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
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Štoll, I. (2009). Dějiny fyziky. Praha: Prometheus.
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