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Lecturer(s)
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Šafářová Dana, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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History, important discoveries of Genetics. J the cytological basis of inheritance; mitotic and meiotic division and their significance. J.G. Mendel and the basic laws of inheritance; genetic information; Mendelian genetics. Gene interactions; inheritance of quantitative and qualitative traits. Sex determination, chromosomal and genetic principles of determination , their major types. Sex-linked traits, sex-controlled traits, and sex-influenced traits. Gene linkage and its effects on the transmission of genetic information, chromosome maps and their construction. T.H. Morgan and his school. Molecular structure of gene. The central dogma, flow of the genetic information: basic mechanisms of replication, transcription and translation, regulation of gene expresion. Mutations, spontaneous and induced mutagenesis; types of mutations, their principle and consequences, and significance. Fundamentals of population genetics, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, asessment of population stability, and the main factors affecting it. Fundamentals of human genetics, methods used, inheritance of selected traits and sieses in humans. Extrachromosomal inheritance. Basic karyological and molecular genetic methods used in the study of the determination and inheritance of traits.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming)
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Learning outcomes
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Principles of genetics: mendelism, gene interactions, cell division and reproduction, sex determination, basics of gene and gene expression, mutaions, human genetics, genetics of populations.
Student is able to (after attending the course): - Explain the principles of Mendelian genetics. - Explain the principles of non-Mendelian Genetics: gene interactions, sex and determination of sex, extracellular inheritance. - Define the chromosomal background of inheritance, mitosis and meiosis, gene linkage and its application in construction the genetic maps of chromosomes. - Characterise main molecular mechanism of genetic information transfer, gene structure, replication, transcription and translation, their regulation and genetic manipulations in vitro. - Recall elementary principles of population genetics, Hardy-Weinberg principles, Evolutionary aspects of population variation and speciation. - Explain the inheritance of human characters, and the major methods used in their research. - Describe the elementary rules of inheritance, explain the basic aspects of heredity at the genetic and molecular level according to genetic terminology.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written exam
written test, in extent of the lectures, min 50%
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Recommended literature
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D. Peter Snustad, Michael J. Simmons. (2017). Genetika. Druhé, aktualizované vydání.
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Snustad D.P., Simmons M.J. (2009). Genetika. Brno.
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Šafářová D. (2011). Kapitoly z obecné genetiky. Olomouc.
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