Genomics - subject of study. Genome projects - organization and objectives. Genetic mapping in plants, animals and human. Mapping populations. Molecular markers - types, characteristics, high-throughput platforms. Association mapping. Large-insert DNA libraries - types, construction. Physical mapping - cytogenetic physical maps, molecular physical maps. Automated procedure for physical mapping. Integration of physical and genetic maps. Positional cloning of genes. Comparative genomics. Whole-genome sequencing strategies (shotgun, clone-by-clone, reduced-representation strategies). The process of whole-genome sequencing, new-generation sequencing technologies. Annotation of DNA sequences. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), discovery of SNPs and their use in genotyping. Gene expression and the transcriptome. DNA microarrays, their preparation and utilization. Determination of gene function. Approaches to functional genomics - saturation forward genetics, high-throughput reverse genetics, fine-structure genetics. Genome projects in prokaryots, plants, animals and human.
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