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Lecturer(s)
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Cichá Martina, doc. Mgr. Ph.D.
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Sofková Tereza, PhDr. Ph.D.
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Přidalová Miroslava, doc. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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The concept and mission of contemporary anthropology. Physical Anthropology and development in an integrated system of human sciences. A brief overview of the history of physical (biological) anthropology. Objective methods of physical anthropology. Physical anthropology as a science of character variability and the type of person. Ethnic anthropology? antropogeografických formation types. Equivalence of human types. The evolution of human populations, European and global trends, the situation in the country. The penetration of new technologies and knowledge in anthropology. Main areas of application of the knowledge of physical anthropology. Evolution, phylogeny and antropogenese. The oldest human ancestor. Australopithékové and their importance in terms of further development. Hominization and sapientace. Homo habilis and Homo erectus. Homo neandertalesis. Homo sapiens. Ontogenetic development of man, structure, relationship to phylogeny. Adulthood and aging. Peculiarities of structure and function of human organs throughout life.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Laboratory Work
- Attendace
- 26 hours per semester
- Preparation for the Exam
- 20 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The subject provides its students with basic orientation in biological (natural sciences) scientific findings on the history, the present and the future of Man (human populations) with clarification of the main causes and regularities of development. The information included within the bio-socio-cultural structure of sciences about Man present a fundamental starting point for entering into the follow up anthropological disciplines. On the background of evolutionary development, the anthropogenesis theory is examined with emphasis on the new findings in paleoanthropology, significant localities and worksites. A significant amount of attention is paid to the ontogenetic evolution of Man, with relation to general biology and genetics, and also to the impact of the environment in the broadest sense of the word. In a comprehensive historical summary from ancient times till today, the impact of important personalities and anthropological schools on forming physical anthropology as a science is accentuated, including the contribution by the Czech anthropology. The diversity of shapes and functions (variability), evaluation methods (anthropometry, somatoscopy, biostatistics), as well as adaptation and adaptability mechanisms are examined in detail. The issue of physique variability and the main geographical anthropological types (races) is followed by an explanation of a single origin and the classification of today's Man, including the danger of biological racism and xenophobia. To conclude, information on the latest anthropological findings (inclusive of molecular biology) and application trends are given
Students will be able to describe the different stages of ontogenetic development of man and be able to explain which factors influence somatic human development and also to describe the effects of negative factors and their repercussions on the healthy development of the individual.
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Prerequisites
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Basic orientation in biological, zoological and historical disciplines and graduating NSVF1. Basic knowledge of phylogeny and ontogeny.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral exam, Written exam
Mastering the basic methods applied in physical anthropology and development, acquisition of necessary skills, which are filled with exercise and condition of participation in any scientific work. Study of expanding anthropological literature theme, processing seminar papers.
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Recommended literature
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Beneš, J. (1993). Antropologie. Brno.
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Fetter V. (1967). Antropologie. Praha ČSAV.
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Hajn, V. (1996). Antropologie II.. Olomouc.
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Hajn, V. (1994). Antropologie I.. Olomouc.
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Kapras, J. et al. (1996). Kapitoly z lékařské biologie a genetiky. Praha, UK Karolinum.
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Klementa, J. (1981). Somatologie a antropologie. Praha.
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Martin, R., Saller, K. (1957). Antropologie.. Berlín.
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Rozsypal S. a kol. (1987). Přehled biologie. SPN Praha.
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Soukup, V. (2004). Dějiny antropologie. Praha.
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Suchý J. (1972). Vývojová antropologie obyvatelstva ČSR. UK Praha.
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Wolf, J. (1993). Člověk a jeho svět. Praha.
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