UV/VIS spectrometry. Colours of compounds, composition of colours. Molecular orbitals, electron transitions types of molecules and ions. Absorption spectrum, influence of solvent, choice of solvent. Lambert-Beer's law and its limitations. Determining the stoichiometry of metal- complexes, equilibrium constants and structures of organic compound. Luminescence spectroscopy. Fundamental of luminescence, singlet and triplet states, Franck-Condon principle. Relaxation of molecule, fluorescence and phosphorescence, thermo luminescence, chemiluminescence. Yield and extinction of luminescence. Luminescence volumetric analysis, fluorescence indicators. Refractometry and interferometry. Refractive index, Snell's law, Lorenz molar refractivity. Nephelometry and turbidimetry. Scattering of light, kind of scattering. Principles, choice of methods, determination of concentration, applications. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Vibrations and rotations of molecules, kind of vibrations. Rules in IR spectroscopy. Dispersion and FT spectrometer. Special techniques in IR - external and internal reflectance. Dissimilarities of Raman and IR spectroscopy. Raman scattering. Applications. Nuclear magnetic resonance. Spin of nucleus, precess motion, energy of spin transitions, populations of nuclei, resonance condition. Pulse NMR, relaxation, shielding, chemical shift, spin-spin interaction, spin-lattice time, decoupling. Interpretation of NMR spectra - number of signals, chemical shift, intensity and shape of signal, spin-spin interaction constant. Modern methods of NMR, 2D NMR. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR).
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