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Lecturer(s)
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Šimek Karel, prof. RNDr. CSc.
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Rulík Martin, doc. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Course description : The aim of the lecture is to explain the major principles of aquatic microbial ecology, to show the recent findings and to outline the major directions of the research in the filed of aquatic microbial ecology. Namely the following areas will be pointed out: The role of bacteria in carbon and nutrient cycling, an identification of aquatic microorganisms with the use of "classical" cultivation-based approaches compared to those derived from modern molecular-biology approaches, the most important interactions within members of microbial food webs, coupling of microbial food webs with higher trophic levels. Content of lectures: Bacteria in natural waters and methods for determination of their abundance. Microscopic and cultivation based approaches to determine total numbers of bacteria. Numbers and cell volumes of bacteria in various aquatic ecosystems, methods of its determination. Taxonomy of aquatic bacteria. Bacterial identification based on numerical and probability methods, an analysis of bacterial genome and rRNA-sequencing. Bacterial uptake of substrates and growth of bacteria under a limited substrate availability . Uptake kinetics under low substrate concentrations. Determination of growth rate, production and activity of bacteria. Modeling of growth in continuous culture. Respiration rate of aquatic bacteria. Oxidation to assimilation ratios under low substrate concentrations . Biochemical oxygen demand in natural water samples. Environmental factors influencing growth and metabolism of aquatic bacteria. Temperature, oxygen concentration, surfaces, attachment of bacteria. Microbial interactions in aquatic ecosystems . Positive interactions: bacteria -bacteria, bacteria - algae. Negative interactions. Biomass of bacteria in various water ecosystems. Influences of flow rate, substrate supply, different spatial distribution of biomass. Contribution of bacterial production to the total production of water ecosystems . Phytoplankton primary production versus secondary production of bacteria. Bacterial growth efficiency. Bacteria in carbon cycle. Uptake and assimilation of substrates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in water column and sediments. Bacterial processes in nitrogen cycle. Assimilation of peptides, nitrification, denitrification and nitrate reduction . Bacterial processes in cycles of phosphorus and sulfur . Pathogenic bacteria in water, survival, disinfecting. Bacterial indicators in water, methods of their determination. Bacterial processes in waste water treatment plants. Aerobic treatment - activation - bacteria and protists. Anaerobic treatment.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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unspecified
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Learning outcomes
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Course description : The aim of the lecture is to explain the major principles of aquatic microbial ecology, to show the recent findings and to outline the major directions of the research in the filed of aquatic microbial ecology. Namely the following areas will be pointed out: The role of bacteria in carbon and nutrient cycling, an identification of aquatic microorganisms with the use of "classical" cultivation-based approaches compared to those derived from modern molecular-biology approaches, the most important interactions within members of microbial food webs, coupling of microbial food webs with higher trophic levels. Content of lectures: Bacteria in natural waters and methods for determination of their abundance. Microscopic and cultivation based approaches to determine total numbers of bacteria. Numbers and cell volumes of bacteria in various aquatic ecosystems, methods of its determination. Taxonomy of aquatic bacteria. Bacterial identification based on numerical and probability methods, an analysis of bacterial genome and rRNA-sequencing. Bacterial uptake of substrates and growth of bacteria under a limited substrate availability . Uptake kinetics under low substrate concentrations. Determination of growth rate, production and activity of bacteria. Modeling of growth in continuous culture. Respiration rate of aquatic bacteria. Oxidation to assimilation ratios under low substrate concentrations . Biochemical oxygen demand in natural water samples. Environmental factors influencing growth and metabolism of aquatic bacteria. Temperature, oxygen concentration, surfaces, attachment of bacteria. Microbial interactions in aquatic ecosystems . Positive interactions: bacteria -bacteria, bacteria - algae. Negative interactions. Biomass of bacteria in various water ecosystems. Influences of flow rate, substrate supply, different spatial distribution of biomass. Contribution of bacterial production to the total production of water ecosystems . Phytoplankton primary production versus secondary production of bacteria. Bacterial growth efficiency. Bacteria in carbon cycle. Uptake and assimilation of substrates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in water column and sediments. Bacterial processes in nitrogen cycle. Assimilation of peptides, nitrification, denitrification and nitrate reduction . Bacterial processes in cycles of phosphorus and sulfur . Pathogenic bacteria in water, survival, disinfecting. Bacterial indicators in water, methods of their determination. Bacterial processes in waste water treatment plants. Aerobic treatment - activation - bacteria and protists. Anaerobic treatment.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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unspecified
Exam - good knowledge and orientation in modern theory of life histories on selected subjects
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Recommended literature
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Overbeck, J., Chrost, R.J. Aquatic microbial ecology - biochemical and molecular approaches. Springer-Verlag, 190 pp.1990.
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Straškrabová, V. et al. (1996). Mikrobiální ekologie vody.1996 Ministerstvo ŽP ČR. PHARE 11, 119 pp.
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