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Lecturer(s)
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Faltýnek Dan, doc. Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Languages and their sound structures are investigated based on principles of (1) inclusiveness (relations between boundaries of language units of different order), (2) cyclical nature (existence of the same structural patterns on various levels of language), (3) reducibility (building of language up from unmarked units to marked units) and (4) resolvability (the ability of complex language units and phenomena to be reduced to simpler units and phenomena)
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Work with Text (with Book, Textbook), Methods of Written Work
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Learning outcomes
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The course aims to acquaint students with the issue of phonetic descriptions and phonological interpretations of structure of natural languages, to demonstrate the meaning of acquired knowledge in the understanding of these languages. The data for analysis will be provided, apart from Czech, by a whole range of (approximately thirty) languages - European and non-European - which will then be compared and confronted with respect to key components of their sound structure, but whose sound variability will at the same time be systematically tracked. The concept of the course is based on three basic approaches: (a) heuristic/holistic: the goal being to encompass the largest possible set of sound phenomena in pursuit of complexity and providing a list of documented phenomena; (b) universalist: the goal being to determine which phenomena and components are universal (or quasi-universal or dominant) and thus general and shared by most languages; and to distinguish them from phenomena that are sparse, special or specific; (c) typological: the goal being to based on variability of sound phenomena define their classes (and thus types) and criteria of their description as well as categories in cases where languages do not behave in a uniform manner - they are typologically different.
Knowledge of the issue of phonetic descriptions and phonological interpretations of structure of natural languages. The aim of this course is to acquaint students with possibilities of phonetic description and phonological interpretation of natural language. Material base of analysis, in addition to Czech language, comprehends more than thirty languages - both European and non-European.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written exam, Seminar Work
(1) Regular attendance (no more than 1 absence) (2) Active participation in class (3) Course project
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Recommended literature
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Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
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Duběda, T. (2005). Jazyky a jejich zvuky. Univerzálie a typologie ve fonetice a fonologii.. Praha.
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Greenberg, J. H. Universals of Human Languages, vol. 2 - Phonology. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1978.
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Hirst, D.-Di Cristo, A. (eds.). Intonation Systems. A Survey of Twenty Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998..
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Hyman, L. M. Phonology: Theory and Analysis. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1975..
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Kořínek, J. M.-Erhart, A. (2000). Úvod do fonologie. Praha.
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Kučera, H. (1961). The Phonology of Czech. s´. Gravenhage: Mouton.
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