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Lecturer(s)
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Course content
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lectures: Anthropology (Drozdová): 1. and 2. Basics of human osteology A) Introduction, Why do we study the human skeleton, the importance of knowledge of the anatomy of human skeletal remains in anthropology, a distinction of needs between medical anthropology and classical anatomy. The basic axes and planes, anatomical terminology. Types of bones of the human skeleton. B) The skull, the development of the cranial bones, anatomical description of individual bones of brain part of skull. Anatomical description of the facial bones of the skull. C) Axial skeleton. The spine as complex, description of parts of the spine, ribs, sternum ,sacrum bone. Skeleton of the upper limb: clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius. Carpal and metacarpal bones and phalanges and their anatomy and their distinction between each other. Skeleton of the lower limbs: a pelvic bones, femur, fibula and tibia. Metatarsal bones, metatarsal and phalanges of legs, their anatomy and distinction from each other. 3. and 4. Introduction to anthropological work A) Funerals: primar, secondar and tertiar. Extraction and transport. Sampling B) Treating of skeletal material in the laboratory, preparation and cleaning and preservation, reconstruction C) Determining of sex on the skeleton D) Determination of age E) Reconstruction of stature 5. and 6. Other options of anthropology A) Reconstruction of appearance according to the skull B) Study of cremation burials C) Introduction to Dental Anthropology D) Basics of palaeopathology E) Basics of osteometry F) descriptive characteristics of the skeleton G) Chemical-analythical and molecular biological methods in anthropology Archaeozoology (Holub) 7. and 8. Basic methods of archaeozoology - anatomical classification of bones, species determination of bone, age determination based on the condition of teeth and postcranial skeleton, etc. 9. and 10. Practical exercises with osteological material 11. and 12. Methods of documentation and excavation of skeletons of animals at archaeological sites. Possibilities of using the results of the above named analyzes for the reconstruction of the way of life of prehistoric people. Seminars: Practical exercises on grading methods of studied collections and their description and documentation. AD
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Demonstration
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Learning outcomes
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Acquaintance with the work of an anthropologist and paleozoologist (osteologist) working with materials from archaeological researches. Introduction to the methods of work, procedures of processing, outputs from individual analysis. Lectures of practical activities - the ways of extraction of osteological material, taking samples for particular types of analysis, basic recognition of osteological material (sex and age of human individuals, recognification of animal kind and its age). AD
Students will acquire basic knowledge in human and animal osteology. They will learn to distinguish individual types of bone. The students will be familiar with basic analyzes carried out on the osteological material. AD
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Prerequisites
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Basic orientation in in history of prehistoric times and early historical periods, basic orientation in biology of human and animals. AD
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Didactic Test, Dialog
Study of literature and preparation into the lessons. AD
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Recommended literature
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Čihák, R. (1987). Anatomie I.. Praha.
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Chaplin, R. E. (1971). The Study of Animal Bones from Archaeological Sites. Cambridge.
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Podborský, V. a kol. (1993). Pravěké dějiny Moravy. Vlastivěda moravská.. Brno.
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Schmid, E. (1972). Atlas of animal bones. London.
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Stloukal, M. et al. (1999). Antropologie. Příručka pro studium kostry. Praha.
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