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Lecturer(s)
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Polách Vladimír, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Block 1: Theories of exile, 19th-century migration, diaspora communities and developments up to the Second World War 1. A theoretical and methodological introduction to the study of exile: Defining the concepts of migration, adaptation, acculturation, bilingualism and working with archives. 2. 19th-century migration and the formation of overseas communities: Push and pull factors, American and other (French, Banat) enclaves, and Czech education. 3. The expatriate press, publishing practices and 19th-century literature: Periodicals, calendars, the publishers Geringer and Rosický, prominent figures and the image of the emigrant. 4. The period 1914-1938 and the 'First Liberation Movement': The establishment of Czechoslovakia, compatriots in the USA, immigration quotas and new destinations. The meaning of exile. Block 2: Wartime exile (1938-1945), post-February emigration and exile culture 1948-1968 1. The Second World War and wartime exile: Waves of exile, centres, military publications and radio broadcasts. 2. Post-February emigration (1948-1968) and life in camps: Political exile, life in displaced persons' camps and literary reflections. 3. The emergence of the exile publishing scene in the 1950s and 1960s: The founding of Radio Free Europe, SVU, the Christian Academy and the magazine *Svědectví*. 4. Publishing and economic models of the 1950s and 1960s: The activities of Vlachova Sklizeň, mimeograph production, subscription-based funding and distribution barriers. Section 3: Post-August emigration (1968-1989), the 'Asanace' campaign, the normalisation discourse and returns after 1989 1. Post-August emigration (1968-1989) and the 'Asanace' campaign: Mass migration, the expulsion of Charter signatories, internal exile, samizdat and the parallel polis. 2. The golden age of exile publishing houses and the cultural void in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic: The publishing practices of 68 Publishers, Index and PmD, and an analysis of key works. 3. Official propaganda and the image of the émigré during normalisation: The portrayal of 'treacherous emigration' in the communist media, film and the 'normalisation of relations'. 4. Remigration, repatriation and reflections on exile after 1989: Return processes, misunderstandings with domestic society, Cibulka's lists and *Osočení*.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Work with Text (with Book, Textbook)
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Learning outcomes
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This seminar describes and analyses Czech and Czechoslovak exile in the 19th and 20th centuries, primarily as a cultural and historical phenomenon within a broader context. We will explore the issue of the 19th-century wave of emigration and the establishment of expatriate communities abroad, particularly in the USA, the influence of Czech-American relations in the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, and their decline following the establishment of Czechoslovakia. One of the aims will be to examine the cultural output of emigrants, both within the context of Czech and Slovak emigration and, more broadly, within the context of immigration to the USA as a whole. We will analyse the book as a tool of cultural identity and self-identification, ranging from titles imported from across the Atlantic to the expatriate community's own cultural output, associated primarily with the name of August Geringer, but also with a number of almost forgotten authors, printers and publishers. We will analyse in detail the waves of political exile in the 20th century - 1938-1945, after 1948 and after 1968, with a focus on the publishing activities of exile publishers (Index, 68 Publishers), as well as on the understanding - or lack thereof - between this modern wave of emigration and the 'original' expatriates in the USA. We will examine the 'three paths' of Czech literature using the example of the book market and book production by the expatriate, exile and official communities.
Graduate: Analytically interprets selected literary, memoir and journalistic works originating from exile, in the context of the period in which they were written and the author's historical and biographical background. Applies the model of a book's communication network to the specific conditions of the exile publishing market (analysis of economic models, e.g. the subscription system, production specifics, and overcoming censorship and distribution barriers). It critically evaluates the ideological discourses and narratives of the period (e.g. stereotypes about 'renegades', 'treacherous emigration' or the 'withered branch of the nation') in comparison with actual historical sources. It integrates insights from the history of literature, book culture, history, sociology and political science.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Analyssis of the Student's Portfolio, Written exam
- submission of all assigned tasks (Moodle) by the specified deadlines; - an essay on a chosen title or phenomenon - topics to be set individually; - a final written test
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Recommended literature
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Knihy za ohradou. Česká literatura v exilových nakladatelstvích 1971-1989. .
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Papoušek, Vladimír. Česká literatura v Chicagu. 2001.
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Přibáň, M. - Gruntorád, J. - Formanová, L. Exilová periodika. 1999.
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Přibáň, Michal. Prvních dvacet let : kulturní rada a další kapitoly z dějin literárního exilu 1948-1968. 2008.
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Salivarová Škvorecká, Zdena. Osočení. 2000.
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Zach, A. (1995). Kniha a český exil. Praha.
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