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Lecturer(s)
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Fiedler Eduard, Mgr. et Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. What is political philosophy? On the problem of the "political distinction" between the private and public life of man 2. Archaic and pre-Socratic political thought (cosmic justice, hierarchy, triadism) 3. Plato's political philosophy 4. Aristotle's political philosophy 5. Political thought of Hellenism and Rome 6. Augustine's political philosophy and theology 7. High Scholasticism, the political thought of Thomas Aquinas and Thomistic political philosophy (including the so-called Second Scholasticism) 8. Preconditions of modern political thought (Ockham, Machiavelli, Descartes) 9. The new science of politics (Hobbes, Locke) 10. Kant's and Hegel's political philosophy 11. Political theology (Schmitt) and the critique of totalitarianism (Arendt) 12. Postliberalism and the Trinitarian ontology of political life (Hemmerle, Milbank)
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Work with Text (with Book, Textbook)
- Homework for Teaching
- 28 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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In a systematic endeavor toward discerning the social ontology and political thought based on specifically Christian revelation, the course "Political Philosophy" will trace the basic historical development of European thought in relation to politics and social life. It will therefore first be necessary to understand how to talk about politics and where to look for the so-called "political difference" between the private and public life of man, or between critique and tradition (1). On the basis of this distinction, the earliest political-philosophical ideas of the Indo-European space will be presented, in particular the hierarchical and triadic division of cosmos and society (2). Classical Greek political philosophy in Plato (3) and Aristotle (4) represents the culmination of philosophical reflection in the face of the new situation of the Greek polis. The universalist conception of politics and political thought in the Hellenistic and ancient Roman periods (5) was subsequently transformed when it encountered Christian revelation in the time of the Church Fathers, especially in the political philosophy and theology of St. Augustine (6). This process continued in the early and high Middle Ages and reached its paradigmatic expression in the political thought of Thomas Aquinas (7). By studying the presuppositions of modern political thought (8), we can then better understand why this synthesis has lost its wider relevance in modern times. On the contrary, the so-called new science of politics (9), which imitates modern natural science, although it made possible the emergence of a liberal-democratic political discourse, at the same time plunged the political thought of modern society into antinomic or dialectical contradictions (Kant, Hegel) (10), which manifested themselves in the twentieth century both in the tension between individualism (pluralism) and totalitarian collectivism (unity) and in the ideologization of political theology (11). In the late modern period, therefore, in an attempt to overcome these modern antinomies and contradictions, a renewed reflection is offered that inquires after a social ontology and political thought based on the specifically Christian revelation of God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit within the framework of the so-called Trinitarian ontology (12). The course will be complemented by readings from some of the major texts in political philosophy, with subsequent discussion.
- Improving philosophical reflection. - Ability to read, analyze and interpret philosophical text.
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Prerequisites
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No special prerequisites are required to study the subject.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Dialog
Active participation, reading compulsory literature. The final exam will take place in the form of an interview including a question on one of the topics of the lectures (see outline) and consultation of compulsory literature (Voegelin).
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Recommended literature
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Arendtová, Hannah. Vita activa neboli o činném životě, přel. Václav Němec, OIKOYMENH, Praha 2007..
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Aristotelés. (1996). Politika. Nakl. Petr Rezek, Praha.
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Augustinus Aurelius. (2007). O Boží obci. Praha.
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David C. Schindler. (2017). Freedom from Reality: The Diabolical Character of Modern Liberty. Notre Dame, Ind: University of Notre Dame Press.
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Eric Voegelin. Nová věda o politice. CDK. 2000.
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Hobbes, T., Mertl, J., & Hrůša, J. (1941). Leviathan, neboli, O podstatě, zřízení a moci státu církevního a občanského. V Praze: Melantrich.
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Jakub Jinek. (2017). Obec a politično v Aristotelově myšlení. Praha: OIKOYMENH.
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Jakub Jinek. (2021). Platón a problém filosofické vlády: politické myšlení v dialogu Zákony. Praha: OIKOYMENH.
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Jan Patočka. (2007). Kacířské eseje o filosofii dějin. Praha.
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John Milbank. (2006). Theology and Social Theory: Beyond Secular Reason. Oxford, UK - Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub.
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Joseph Grim Feinberg, Michael Hauser, Jakub Ort. (2021). Politika jednoty ve světě proměn. Praha.
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Koblížek, J. (2014). Pojem společenského souhlasu u Františka Suáreze. Olomouc, Refugium.
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Komenský, J.A. (1966). Obecná porada o nápravě věcí lidských.. Praha.
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Locke, J. Dvě pojednání o vládě. Nakladatelství ČSAV 1965.
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Pius XI. Quadragesimo Anno.
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Platón,, & Novotný, F. (2005). Ústava. Praha: OIKOYMENH.
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Sousedík, S. Svoboda a lidská práva.
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Theodor Haecker. Odysseus a Aeneas. Teologický sborník. 1996.
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Tomáš Akvinský. (2022). O zákonech v Teologické sumě. Praha.
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