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Lecturer(s)
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Berka Karel, prof. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Jurečka Petr, doc. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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The attention is mainly paid to the inner influences (changes in structure - substitution, isotopic exchange) and outer influences (especially temperature, pressure, and media) on the equilibrium and time of chemical reactions. For quantification of the above mentioned influences there are used empirical and semi-empirical methods and appropriate characteristics of structure and media. There is also used analysis of the most commonly used and the latest possible characterisations of the structure and media, there discussed their relations and consequently their application is recommended. In the course of the lectures students get acquainted with more detailed explanation of terms like entropy and activation content on different types of rections of organic substances. 1. General principles in organic chemistry. 2. Study of equilibrium states. Acid-base equilibrium. Generalisation of aciditive function. 3. Study of chemical reactions. Inner and outer factors influencing reactivity. 4. Fundamental and advanced kinetic equation. Physical and chemical methods used in the determination of reaction time. Experimental evaluation. 5. Thermodynamics of chemical reactions. Principles of similarity and its application. Salt effects. 6. Catalysis of chemical reactions. 7. Substitution effects Bronsted relation. Substitution effects, Hammett equation. 8. Quantitative description of substitution effects based on the separation of the effects. 9. Solvent effects and its quantitative description. 10. Solvent effects of mixed solvents. Nucleofility and its quantitative description. 11. Isotopic effects. 12. Application of physical methods used in the study of relationships between structure and characteristics of organic substances. 13. Application of physical methods in the study of mechanisms of organic reactions. 14. Relationship between structure of organic substances and their biological efficiency.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming)
- Preparation for the Exam
- 0 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The course is aimed on the explanation and application of methods used in physical organic chemistry.
ability to recognize the role of physical chemistry in the prediction of properties and reactivity of organic compounds
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral exam
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Recommended literature
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Anslyn E., V., D.A.Dougherty. (2006). Modern Physical Organic Chemistrry. Texas.
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Bekárek, V., Nevěčná, T. (1992). Rozpouštědlové vlivy v chemii a jejich hodnocení. Academia Praha.
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Exner O. (1981). Korelační vztahy v organické chemii. SNTL Praha.
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Knipe, Ch. (ed.), Watts, W.E. (ed.). (1996). Organic Reaction Mechanisms.
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Štěrba V, Panchartek J. (1985). Kinetické metody při studiu reakcí organických sloučenin. SNTL Praha.
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Štěrba V., Panchartek J. (1995). Reaction Kinetics in Organic Chemistry. Pardubice.
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